For those with access to Google Earth, you can now easily explore Book of Mormon geography with satellite views that have never before been so readily available. You will need to have a newer computer with access to high speed Internet and download the Google Earth program from the Google web site. To view selected locations of my proposed geography, zoom in to the coordinates listed for each of the sites and you will be shown an actual or simulated view of the specific area. These satellite shots are usually several years old, but that is of no consequence when studying Book of Mormon geography. Unfortunately, most of Costa Rica and Central America is not available in high resolution, but you will still be able to get a good view down to about the square kilometer scale. The coordinates are given as follows: Latitude (parallel to the equator) followed by longitude (vertical from pole to pole); the first number is degrees, the second minutes, and the third seconds. The easiest way to find these locations is to cut and paste the combined coordinates for each site into the search box in the upper left corner of the Google Earth page, click go, and you will be taken directly to the location. You could also type in the numbers manually if you wish. If done manually, they should be typed in just as listed below. Google Earth will zoom in to the exact spot, at the highest resolution possible, so you will probably want to back out a bit to get a better view. You can also use the angle feature to see a 360 degree side view of the topography of the specific area. You are also able to exagerate the topography x2, or x3, which gives a greater definition of the area. In addition, the program also shows the elevation of the spot under the pointer which is another tool for evaluating the topography. The program also includes a measurement tool which allows you to determine precise distances. Most of these locations are only approximate (within a kilometer or so) so the exact coordinates may vary, but should be close enough for evaluation purposes.
For purposes of comparison, I have also included coordinates of sites in Mexico and Guatemala which have been proposed by John Sorenson in his theory on Book of Mormon geography, as well as selected other sites which have been suggested as possible Book of Mormon locations.
An alternative method of viewing the geography is to do so through a "tour". These are predetermined locations which Google Earth will show in a sequential order. The program also allows the viewer to pause the tour in order to study a specific location in more detail, and even zoom in for a closer look, after which the tour can be resumed. I have included five of these tours, one comparing various possible narrow necks, one illustrating my theory of BofM geography, one of John Sorenson's Tehuantepec model, one of Richard Haucks Tehuantepec model which differs slightly from Sorenson's, Venice Priddis' South American model, and a model of the western New York--Great Lakes area centering on the Hill Cumorah near Palmyra. You will need to have the Google Earth program loaded in order to open these tours.
Starting with the South American proposal for the narrow neck (assuming that the Amazon Basin was underwater), we move north to the Gulf of Uraba which was supposed to extend farther inland during BofM times, then to two Panama locations, then to the Isthmus of Rivas, to the narrow section between Honduras and Guatemala, thence to Yucatan which was supposed to have been narrower during BofM times, thence to Tehuantepec, and finally north to the Niagara area between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. A tour of possible narrow necks of land
The other tours should be self explanatory. A tour of Warr's Costa Rica model
A tour of Sorenson's Tehuantepec model
A tour of Hauck's Tehuantepec model
A tour of Priddis' South American model
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| Selected locations from other theories
Narrow Neck between Lake Ontario and Lake Erie |
43 02 22 N 79 19 46 W |
| Palmyra and hill Cumorah region (see if you can locate the hill Cumorah) | 43 03 44 N 77 13 18 W |
| Isthmus of Panama | 09 07 44 N 79 46 50 W |
| Narrow Neck according to So. America theory assuming Amazon basin was flooded | 12 07 34 N 75 33 44 W |
| Lehi landing in Chile 30 degrees south latitude | 30 00 00 S 71 19 50 W |